Dec 15, 2017 Views: 3496
cdkj, úlD;s idok ms<sld ldrl
ms<sld ldrlhkg wod< mqoa.,hd È.ska È.gu ksrdjrKh fjhs kï úlD;s iys; i?, m%udKh iS>%fhka jeäù hhs' bka wk;=rej ;j;a fkdfhla ms<sld ldrlhkag ksrdjrKh ùfuka ;j;a fndfyda cdk úlD;s ,nd.kakd tu i?, ms<sfj<ska wdrïNl ia:dkfha muKla we;s ms<sldjla fyj;a m%d:ñl ms<sldjla njg o ;jÿrg;a ,nd.kakd úlD;s;d fya;=fjka ÿria: mgl wdl%uKh lr oaú;Sl ms<sldjla njg o j¾Okh fjhs'
we;eï ms<sld ldrlhka cdkj, úlD;s iE§ug iu;a ^Genotoxic& jqj;a wfkla ms<sld ldrl cdkj, úlD;s fkdidohs ^Nongenotoxic& kuq;a tajdg cdkj, m%ldYkh ^Gene
Expression& fjkia lsÍfï yelshdj we;'
ms<sldjla iE§u ,tl /hlska, isÿjk fohla fkdjk w;r th ld,h ñvx.= lrñka mshjr /ila miqlrñka isÿjkakls' fuu mshjrhka m%Odk fldgia ;=klg f.dkq l< yelsh' fuys m<uq mshjr wdrïNkh ^Initiation& f,i y÷kajk w;r th isÿlsÍug iu;a ms<sld ldrl wdrïNk ms<sld ldrl f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' wdrïNk ms<sld ldrlhka cdk úlD;s iE§ug iu;a w;r fuh isÿjkafka fnfoñka mj;sk i?, tu ms<sld ldrlhkag ksrdjrKh ùfuks' fnfoñka mj;sk i?,j, fufia yg.kakd úlD;s i?, úNdck pl%fha uqrlfmd¿ ^Check Points& u.ska y÷kd.kakd w;r" jydu i?, úNdck pl%h ;djld,slj kj;d ouhs' fufia i?,j, yg.kakd úlD;s;d y÷kdf.k i?, úNdck pl%fha uqrlfmd¿ yryd i?, pl%h ;djld,slj kj;d,kqfha i?, ;=< we;s w¾nqo hgm;a lrk cdk ^Tumor
Suppressor Genes& j, ksis l%shdldÍ;ajh u.sks' bka wk;=rej DNA wkq ms<silr lrk fyj;a wÆ;ajeähd lrk cdk ^DNA repair genes& u.ska by; ms<sld ldrl u.ska we;s jQ cdk úlD;sh kej; h:d ;;a;ajhg m;alrkq ,efí' fuf,i ms<sld ldrl ksid isÿjQ cdk úlD;sh ksjerÈ lsÍug iu;a jqjfyd;a Tkafld cdkj, l%shdldÍ;ajh u.ska kej; i?, úNdck pl%h wdrïN flfrkq we;' kuq;a by; DNA m%;sixialrK cdkj,g isÿù we;s cdk úlD;s kej; h:d ;;a;ajhg m;alsÍug fkdyels jqjfyd;a" wefmdmafgdaisia ^Apoptosis& fyj;a il%Shj wkjYH i?, isrefrka urd bj;a lsÍug jeo.;a jk cdk l%shdldÍ ù jerÈ fyj;a úlD;s iys; jQ i?, urd ouhs' fuf,i wdrïNl ms<sld ldrl ksid cdk úlD;s ù we;s jQ ms<sld we;sùfï wdrïNk wjia:dj wdmiq yerùug wm isrerg yelshdj ;sfí' tfia kuq;a tu wdrïNk ms<sld ldrlhkg È.ska È.gu isrer ksrdjrKh fjhs kï by; i|yka l< wdrlaIK l%shd mámdáfha hï m%udo fodaIhla jQ ú.i úlD;s iys; cdk B<.Û i?, mrïmrdjg Wreu fjhs' fuf,i we;sjk úlD;s miq.sh i;sfha ,smsfha i|yka l< ms<sld we;slsÍug iu;a cdkj, isÿfjhs kï t;eka mgka ms<sldjla isrer ;=< we;sùu wdrïN fjhs'
by; i|yka mßÈ wdrïNl wjia:djg m;ajQ i?, ;snQ muKska wm isref¾ ms<sldjla yg.kafka ke;' fufia wdrïNkhg ,lajQ i?, ;j;a mshjrla ta i|yd bÈßhg hd hq;=h' th m%j¾Ok ^Promotion& wjia:dj f,i y÷kajkq ,nk w;r tfia lsÍug iu;a ms<sld ldrl m%j¾Ok ms<sld ldrl f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' fuu ms<sld ldrl u.ska cdk úlD;s yg fkd.kakd w;r isÿjkqfha wdrïNkhg ,lajQ i?, f;dardfírdf.k ixLHd;aulj jeälsÍuh' fuys m%;sM,h jkqfha mQ¾j ms<sld ;;a;ajhla we;sùuh' fuf,i we;sjk mQ¾j ms<sld ;;a;ajfha cdk úlD;s kej; ksjerÈ l< fkdyels jqj;a wefmdmafgdaisia l%shdj,sh u.ska tu i?, úkdY l< yelsh' tfia tu i?, úkdY ù .shfyd;a ms<sldjla we;s fkdfõ'
kuq;a wjdikdjlg ;jÿrg;a wdrïNk iy m%j¾Ok ms<sld ldrlhkg wod< mqoa.,hd È.ska È.gu ksrdjrKh fjhs kï úlD;s iys; i?, m%udKh iS>%fhka jeäù hhs' bka wk;=rej ;j;a fkdfhla ms<sld ldrlhkag ksrdjrKh ùfuka ;j;a fndfyda cdk úlD;s ,nd.kakd tu i?, ms<sfj<ska wdrïNl ia:dkfha muKla we;s ms<sldjla fyj;a m%d:ñl ms<sldjla njg o ;jÿrg;a ,nd.kakd úlD;s;d fya;=fjka ÿria: mgl wdl%uKh lr oaú;Sl ms<sldjla njg o j¾Okh fjhs' fuu l%shdoduhka m%.ukh ^Progression& f,i y÷kajhs'
;jo lsishï flkl=f.a ms<sldjla we;sùug kï tu mqoa.,hd m<uqj wdrïNl ms<sld ldrlj,g ksrdjrKh úh hq;= w;r túg we;sjk úlD;s iys; i?, wk;=rej m%j¾Ok ms<sld ldrlj,g ksrdjrKh úh hq;=h' tfia fkdue;sj wdrïNk ms<sld ldrlj,g muKla ksrdjrKh jQ muKskau o uq,ska m%j¾Ok ms<sld ldrl j,g o fojkqj wdrïNk ms<sld ldrl j,g o ksrdjrKh jqj o ms<sldjla yg fkd.kshs'
lsishï ms<sld ldrlhla wdrïNk iy m%j¾Ok hk fohdldrfhkau ms<sld ldrl;ajh fmkakqï lrhs kï tjekakla mQ¾K ms<sld ldrlhla ^Complete
Carcinogen& f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' wdrïNl ms<sld ldrl u.ska DNA ys cdkj, úlD;s we;slrk nj wm oeka fyd¢ka okakd w;r mqoa.,hl= ksrdjrKh jk tu ms<sld ldrlj, m%udKh u; we;súh yels úlD;s;d m%udKh o ms<sld we;sùfï yelshdj o jeäfjhs' Èklg tla is.rÜgqjla Wrk flkl=g jvd is.rÜgq lsysmhla Wrk ;eke;af;l=g ms<sld we;sùfï yelshdj jeäjkafka fï ksidh' ;jo is.rÜgq muKla Wrk flkl=g jvd is.rÜgq Wrk" nq,;aúg lk" u;ameka fndk hk l%shdjka ish,a,u lrñka wm%udK ms<sld ldrl m%udKhlg ksrdjrKh jk flkl=g ms<sld we;sùfï yelshdj b;d jeä jkafka o fï ksidh' wdrïNl ms<sld ldrlj, ms<sld we;slsÍfï ms<sld ldrlj, Wmßu m%udKhla ^Threshold& ke;' ms<sld ldrl u.ska ksrdjrKh jeäj;au ms<sld we;sùfï yelshdjla ms<sldfõ oreKq nj jeäùfï yelshdj;a iS>%fhka jeäfjhs'
m%j¾Ok ms<sld ldrl óg fjkia wdldrhlg l%shd lrhs' tajd l%shdlrkqfha i?, u; we;s m%;s.%dyl iu. iïnkaO ù wka;¾ l%shd lsÍfuks' tneúka i?,j, m%;s.%dyl fuu ms<sld ldrl u.ska ix;Dma; jk f;la tu ms<sld ldrl j,g ksrdjrKh ùu jeäl< úg Bg iudkqmd;slj ms<sld j¾Okh ùu jeäfjhs' kuq;a tu m%;s.%dyl ix;Dma; ùfuka miq ms<sld ldrl j,g ksrdjrKh ùu fldmuK jeä l< o ms<sld we;sùfï fõ.h mj;sk fõ.hg jvd jeäl< fkdyelsh' fuys§ isref¾ tla tla wjhjj, we;s tlsfklg fjkia i?,j, we;s m%;s.%dyl fjkia neúka ta tla tla m%;s.%dylhkg .e<fmk tlsfklg fjkia ms<sld ldrlhka we;s nj f;areï.; yelsh' tla tla ms<sld ldrl u.ska tla tla wjhjj,g úfYaIs; ms<sld idokafka tneúks' WodyrKhla f,i .;fyd;a ÿïjeá Wrkakl=g fmky¿ ms<sld" uq;%dYfha ms<sld jeämqr we;sjkafk;a ÿï bÍfuka wlaudfõ ms<sld we;s fkdjkafka;a fï ksidh'
;jo we;eï ms<sld ldrl tajdfha iajNdúlj we;s wdldrfhkau fl<skau ms<sld ldrl f,i l%shd lrhs' ^Direct ) acting carcinogens&& tkï tajd mßjD;a;Sh l%shdj,sfhka fyda ridhkslj jHqyh fjkia lsÍfuka fyda ms<sld we;s lsÍug iu;a foa njg il%Sh l< hq;= ke;' tfy;a iuyrla ms<sld ldrlhka isref¾ mßjD;a;sh l%shdj,sh u.ska ms<sld we;slsÍug iu;a ixfhda. njg il%sh l< hq;=h'
fuu ,smsh lshEùu u.ska ñksia isrer ;=< ms<sldjla we;sùu f,fyis myiq ld¾hhla fkdjk nj mdGl Tng jegfykjd we;' tfy;a fkdokakdlu iy fkdie,ls,su;alu ksid wm fndfydauhla ms<sld ~nf,ka b,a,d~ ,nd.kakd tajd njg m;aj ;sîu b;d lk.dgqodhl isoaêhls'
