fikiqreg whs;s wxl wg ÿl iem f.fkk yeá

Jan 30, 2023 09:20 am    Views: 6787

fikiqreg whs;s wxl wg ÿl iem f.fkk yeá
wxl úoHdj ms<sn| wjfndaOhla we;s yskaÿ Nla;slhka fndfydafokl= wxl 8 flfrys olajkqfha n,j;a wlue;a;la fukau ìhuqiq njls' ;u Ôú;h iïnkaO jkq ,nk lsisÿ l%shdjlg tu wxlh iïnkaO lr fkd.ekSug we;eul= iDcqju j.n,d .kS'

jHikh" úkdYh" udrlh" ÿ•Å; nj fyda tys ;=< .eíù ;sfnk fmr<sldr nj ms<sn| ,nd we;s wjfndaOh ksidu Tjqka th u.yßk nj fmfka' tfia ù kuq;a tu úYajdih ksjerÈ fukau jerÈo fkdjkafkah'

8 wxlh fikiqreg wh;a hehs lshefõ' tfiau ÿl f.k§ug uQ,slj l%shdflfrk n,hla ta ;=< .eíù we;s nj o" ndOdldÍ nj lvdlmam,aùïj,g jeä nrla we;s nj o ì|jeàï yd M, rys; njg o fuu wxlh jvd;a idOl jkq ,nk njg o wxl úoHdjg wkqj m%ldYs;h' oñ, NdIdfjka tkaYdia;%ï mä hkqfjka oelafjkafka wxl úoHdj wkqj hkakhs' ta wkqj hï hï lreKq hï hï wjia:d ;=<§ Tjqkg Tmamq ù ;sîu ksidu Tjqka ta wdldrfhka is;k nj fmkajhs' tfiau wxl wg ;=< b;d n,j;a njla leá jqKq úYauh okjk yd úYajdih f.dvkefÛk udye.s n,hla /£ we;s njla o ms<sn| úYajdihla ta ;=<u /£ mj;sk njla o fmkajd foa'

´kEu lreKla iïnkaOfhka wiSrefjka kuq;a ch b,lal lsÍfï yd ch ,eîfï n,h ;sfnk nj úYajdi lsÍug o isÿù we;'

nqoaO o¾Ykh wkqj wIag f,dal O¾uh ^wgf,da oyu&" wg uq,alr fmkajhs' wIag M,h" wIag fndaêh" ch ux., wIaglh" wg msßlr" wIagdx.sl ud¾.h hk lreKq nqÿ oyu ;=<ska oelafjkqfha wg uq,afldgf.kh' nqoaO o¾Ykh wkqj wg wxlh ;=<ska wmg jeo.;a jkq ,nk fohla y÷kajd foa'

úYajks¾udKkSh nj ;=< f,dalfha meje;=u ms<sn| wg fldk" wg uq,afldg kefÛkysr" ngysr" W;=r" ol=K" Bidk" ksß;" .sksfldk" jhU wg ÈYdj yÿkajd we;'

wg fldk .ek ioyka jkúg wIag nysrjhka olajk" chka;" l=iqu" iquk" ú;;" wdkkao" wdÈ;H" wd;d," md;d, hkd§ jYfhka y÷kajkq ,nk wgfldk wêm;s nysrjhka mqod wgfldk wdrla‍Id lsÍu o" hkqfjka jdia;= úoHdj ;=,ska wmg olajkqfhao" wg wxlh uQ,sl lrjñks'

uka;% Ydia;%fha§" jYSl¾u" wdl¾Yk" úoafõIK" fmaIK" ia:ïNl" WÉpdgl" udrkyd fudayk" jYfhka wIagl¾uh olajd we;af;ao" wxl wg uQ,sl jk f,ih'

ldjHlrKfha§ NQñ" iqr" pkao%" p," ysre" .sks" jdhq" wyia hkqfjkao" c" r"i" ;" u" k" n" h jYfhka wIag .Kh olajkqfhao" wg wxlh b,lal lrjñks' fcHd;sIfha§ flakao%hl wgjeka o" wIagu tardIaglh o fuys§ jeo.;a ;efkl ,d ie,flkq we;af;ah'

yskaÿ foaj l;dj,§ ,la‍Iaó foaj;dúh .ek oelaùfï§ ,la‍Iañhf.a iajrEm ^wj;dr& wg wÜG ,la‍Iaó hkqfjka o olajkq we;' tfiau h<sÿ jdia;= úoHdj wkqj .Dy la‍fIa;% M,h .sksfï§" fldg¿" ëjr" Yqkl" .c" isxy" jDIN" ODu" ldl" jYfhka wIag fhdaksh ms<sn| olajhs' thskao wxl wg uQ,sl lrjkq ,nhs' fufiau újdyhka ms<sn| oelafjk úg n%yau" ffj;" wd¾IS" m%pdm;S" wdiqr" .dkaO¾j" rdla‍Ii" ffmYdp jYfhka ^bkaÈhdkq meje;au ;=<& th o wgjeoEreï fldg fmkajd we;'

tfiau ckjyf¾§ ´kE wgu.,la jqKd fõ" hkako" wg my fkdokakd lu o ^wgis,a" mkais,a& mkï wg o ks;ru mdfya jyrg fhfokq we;'

h<sÿ fcHd;sIfha§ kdä" rdYs" .K" rdYHêm;s" fhdaks" kla‍I;%" jYH" j¾K hkqfjka wIagl+Gh fmdfrdkaoï mÍla‍Idfõ§ y÷kajd foa' wg wxlh ;=< /fËk n,j;a nj ksidu wjfndaOhlska fyda wkjfndaOfhka fyda th Ôú;h iïnkaO fndfyda jeo.;au foaj,a j,g iïnkaO jkqfha ksrdhdifhks'

iksf.a n,h úysÿjk yd Yksg wh;a hehs ie,flk .=Kdx. j,ska mQ¾K wej;=ï mej;=ï j,ska fyìhdjQ wg wxlfhka Wm; ,o wh ;=<ska pß; ,la‍IKhka ms<sìUq jkafkah' úfYaIfhka ia:sr jYfhka we;s ia:sr mej;=ï fy<s lrñkah'

Wmka j¾Ih" udih" Èkh iïmQ¾Kfhka ;ks wxlhg tl;= lsÍfuka ,nk wxlh o hul=g Wreu wxlh f,i .Kka .efka' kuq;a ffoj wxlh f,i .efkkqfha WmkaÈkh yd ne÷Kq wxlhhs' fï wkqj wxl wg flkl=f.a ffoj wxlh njg m;aùfuka Wm; ,nk wh ksr;=reju ffO¾hu;aj lghq;= lrk" ;ef<k hlvhlska u;=jk mkakrh jeks ;;a;ajhlska fun÷ whf.a Èúmej;=u ojiska oji hula wjfndaO lr.kakd yd thskau Ôú;h ksjerÈj bÈßhg f.khk ola‍I;djh fudjqkaf.a úfYaI ,la‍IKhls'

.egqï yd ì|jeàï nyq, ;;a;ajhla Wreuhg f.ktk fun÷ wh wêIaGdk Yla;sh u; ´kEu wjysrhla b;d i;=áka Ndr.kq ,nk .;sh iDcqju m%ldY lrjkq we;' wiSrefjka jqjo" ch ,eîfï Wreuh o ,nk w;r ch mrdch hk folgu iQodkï .;sh o fmkajhs' uOHu jhiska miqj fun÷ whf.a Ôú;j, m%Ndj ilia jkafka Bg fmr ld,fha ,nk .eyeg ;=<ska ,nd.kakd jQ mkakrh ksidfjks' tfukau hul wdrïNfha mgkau w. olajdu fkdfjkia f,iskau l%shd;aul lrk mqreÿ mqyqKqj, m%;sM,hla jYfhks' fï wh iajlSh l¾u n,h úYajdi lrk kuqÿ" th wìnjd lghq;= lsÍug o ;rfï ìhke;s uqrKavq udkisl uÜgul lghq;= lrk wh njg fm,fò'

hïlsisjla ks¾udKh lsÍfï yd kj u.lg m;alrùfï mqÿudldr jQ Ñka;k Yla;shlska hqla; jQfjda o fj;s' ;udf.a ie,iqfï we;s wvqmdvq uekúka úuid n,d" mrdch fkdjk f,iska yd wfkldg fyda i;=rdg bvla fkd;efnk whqßka ch.%yKh ilia lr.ekSu lrhs' tfy;a mrdch o n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka o fõ' hï f,ilska jerÿfKd;a fyda merÿfKd;a kej; tajd ilia lr.ekSug bÈßm;aùu o fudjqkag úfkdaohls'

uyckhd iuÛ lrkq ,nk yd iduQysl jQ fiajdjka ;=< uQ,sl;ajh f.k lghq;= lsÍfï yelshdj yd jqjukdj jeäfhka we;' iajlSh wdêm;Hh yd kdhl;ajh ms<sn|j iEu úfglu ie,ls,a,la olajd lghq;= lrkq ,nk" ;udf.a jpkhu uQ,sl fldg wkHhka Bg kïujd .ekSfï m%fhda.ldÍ nqoaêhla ;=<u lghq;= lrhs' ;udg ysñ foa ;udf.a whs;sjdislu" ;;a;ajh fld;ek;a wfmala‍Id lrkq we;' fun÷ wh iuÛ fldmuK ys;j;aj lghq;= l< o ;j;a whl=g fudjqka iuÛ f,fyisfhka lghq;= lr msßuykakg neß .;shla o lsis folhskaj;a fudjqka ;Dma;shg m;a fkdjk njla o fmkajhs' fudjqka ;=< mj;akd wiSñ; n,dfmdfrd;a;= ksidu fï ;;a;ajh u;=lrjkq we;' taldêm;s ;;a;ajfha uqrKavq iajNdjh u;u ;u lghq;= yiqrejkakg fhduqfõ' rglg tla rfcla kejlg tla kshuqfjla hk u;h ;=<u msysgd l%shd lrkq we;'

ukdj is; md,kh lr.ekSfï yelshdj o" md,k ;ka;%hg fhduqùfï yelshdj yd jdikdj o fudjqka i;=h' tksidu fjk;a lsisÿ n,hlg hg;a fkdjkakd jQ ;;a;ajfhka o" n,f,daNS nfjka o hq;=j iajlSh ishÆ lghq;= uy;a mßY%uhlska kuqÿ iajlSh l%shdjka yeisrùu lrkq ,nkafkah'

Ôú; w¿;a lrùug;a" kej; f.dvkexùug;a" m%;sixialrK l%shdjkag;a" mdrïmßl;ajh Yla;su;a lrjk l%shdjkag;a iudcuh fmr<s ilia lrkakg;a" hq. fmr<shla" úma,ùh l%shdjkag;a uQ,slj lghq;= lrkakg;a ola‍I nj we;' tfiau m%;sjdÈhdg lsis;a lrlshd .ekSug bvla fkd§ wkqlïmd úrys;ju myr§ug fyda m<s.ekSug o ;rï ÿIag udkisl ;;a;ajhlska hqla; ùu o fmkajhs'

ixialdr O¾uhkag wkqj lghq;= lrkakg o" tn÷ ;ekaj,§ Bg wkql+,j ms<s;=re §ug;a" yels úYd, jQ mßK; njla o fudjqka Wm;ska ,nd we;s w;r ishÆ foa bÈßfha weÛ fírd.ekSug;a ola‍I jQ lmá njlska o hq;= qfõ'

ukdjQ ;;a;ajhlska hq;= YÍr fi!LH ;;a;ajhla mj;ajdf.k hEug leue;a; m< lrhs' fya;=jla fkdue;sj l;d fkdlrk" ksYaYío l%shdjkaf.ka hq;= yd wjidk fudfydf;a iaj;Skaÿj bÈßm;a lr ta wkqj l%shdlrk .;sfhkao hqla;hs' wjidk fudfyd; olajdu woyia fjkia fkdlrhs' iïNdIKhkag t;rï leue;a;la ke;' tfy;a nqoaêuh idlÉPd" nqoaêuh weiqr mshlrkq we;' w;siQla‍Iau lmá nqoaêhlska hq;=j ishÆ yß fyda jerÈ foa ks;Hdkql+,j lrkakg;a w;sola‍Iùu fudjqkaf.a isß; fõ'

jD;a;Shuh ;;a;ajfha iajNdjh ms<sn|j úfYaI ie,ls,a,la fudjqka ;=< ke;;a ;u jD;a;sh ;=< n,j;a úma,jjd§ yd igkaldó njlska yd wdvïnrldÍ njlska lghq;= lrhs' ishÆ foao ishÆ whs;sjdislï o yß kS;shg b,a,d isà' fun÷ whf.a l%shdldrlug fyda nqoaêhg fyda Ôú; meje;afï ;;a;ajhg wìnjd hkakg wkHhkag lsisfia;a bv fkd;nk wkaoñka lghq;= lrk w;r tn÷ wjia:dj, § udkqIsl núka f;drj o idyisl njla o biau;= jk wkaoug lghq;= lrkafkda njg m;afj;s' yjq,g fyda yjq,a jHdmdrhkag m%sh fkdfõ' Bg jqjukd ksis iqÿiqlï hgm;a fõ' újdyfha§ iaju;dkql+,ju lghq;= lrkakg fm,fUk neúka fuys§ wfkldg ksoyiaj lghq;= lrkakg we;s bvlv weysfrkafkah' ljrl= iuÛ kuqÿ lghq;= lrkafka iajlSh n,h fmkajkq ,nk kS;suh ;;a;ajhla hgf;ah' bf.kqu ,enqjd fyda fkd,enqjd jQjo" kS;sh ms<sn| ukd wjfndaOhla iycfhkau Wreu lr.kS'

fudjqka ukd jQ fm!reI;ajhlska hq;=fõ' hïhï whs;sjdislï iqrla‍Is; lr.ekSug o" f.!rjh f.dvkeÛSug o ks;ru udk n,ñka lghq;= lrkq we;'

rdcldÍuh jYfhka u;=lr.kq ,enQ iqyo njla fmkajd iskyuqiqj m%;sjdÈhd iuÛ .efÜ' ^Widúhl lghq;= lrk kS;s{ uy;=ka fuka& wdY%s;hkaf.ka lsisjl= o mQ¾K jYfhka úYajdi fkdlrhs' l,a;shd hula oefkk bjla o ;sfnk neúka tfia yeisf¾'

j¾Khka jYfhka l¿" we÷re yd <d .=re meyehla m%sh lrhs' wjidk ld,h ch.%dyS fukau m%lg núka o hq;= Èúhl Wreuh ,nd.kS' ljo;a ksoyia udkisl ;;a;ajhu wfmala‍Id lrkafkah'

8" 17" 26" 35" 44 jYfhka fhfok wxlhka iqÿiq fõ' wxl 4 wxl 8 iuÛ .efÜ' úreoaOh" wxl 5 YqNhs' ñ;=re M, foa'

wêIaGdkh we;sjd fukau b;du;a ;o ;;a;ajfha ÿ#Å; ì|jeàïj,g o" wka; mrdchkag o" wxl 8 iïnkaO whf.a Ôú; j,g wreuhla o fkdjkafkah' fï l=uk wkaofï wjia:djl§ kuq;a ;udf.a n,dfmdfrd;a;= w;afkdyeru lghq;= lrkafkah'

ffoj wxl wgg fikiqref.a n,hg hg;a ulrh o" úfYaIfhka l=ïNh o jvd;a fyd¢ka .e<fma' lkHdj b;d fyd¢ka l%shd;aul fõ' fun÷ whf.a ckau flakao%fha msysgk n,j;a fhda. wkqj jvd;a hym;a jQ M,hka Wodlr foa'

m¾fhaIK" .fõIK" iïnkaOfhka funkafoda úYd, Wkkaÿjla olajk Tjqkaf.a Ôú; tu l%shdldÍ;ajh ksidu m%lg njg m;aùfï Nd.Hh o Wreu lr.kafkao ksrdhdifhks' o¾Ykh jeks úIhkag fhduqjk iajNdjh o u;=lrhs'

Y%S ,xld b;sydifha foaYmd,kuh jYfhka uy;a wdkafoda,khla we;sfldg kj hq.hl wdrïNla we;sl<d jQ Èjx.; w.%dud;Hjrhl= jQ tia' ví,sõ' wd¾' ã' nKavdrkdhl uy;d wxl 8 Wreufldgf.k l=ïN ,.akfhka Wm; ,nd l=ïNh yd wxl wg i;= n,h ukdj meyeÈ,s lrñka hq. fmr<shla w;alr ÿkafkah' ^18'01'08& kS;sh" foaYmd,kh ms<sn| jQ yi, nqoaêhlska lghq;= l< fyf;u foaYmd,ksl jYfhka flá l,la ;=,§ wu;l fkdjkakd jQ fiajdjkag uq,msrE o¾Ykhla ìys lf<ah'

f,dalfha m%:u w.%dud;Hjßh jYfhka iïudkkSh ;;a;ajhlska" njlska hq;=j isßudfjda wd¾' ã' nKavdrkdhl ue;sksh o lkHdfjka Wm; ,nd iajlSh ffoj wxlh wg Wreu fldgf.k weh o úYd, jQ lS¾;su;a njla Y%S ,xldjg w;alrfoñka kj n,hla wdvïnr”h f,iska ,nd ÿkakdh' ^1916'04'17& w¾nqo" úm¾hdihka ueo iudchSh msì§ula " cd;Hka;r jQ lS¾;shla o rgg w;alr ÿkakdh' ^flakao%fha fjk;a fhda. iys;j& fjkiau u.lg rg fhduq lrñka wdkafoda,kd;aul ;;a;ajhla we;slrñka woaú;Sh nqoaêu;l= jYfhka o b;du;a iQla‍Iauj kS;sh yeisrùfï ola‍I;djh o m<lrñka rg iqúfYaI jQ fmr<shlg ,lafldg foaYmd,k b;sydifha wog;a /õ ms<s/õ fok kduhla we;slr.;a ckdêm;s f–' wd¾' chj¾Ok uy;d o ffoj wxl wgg iïnkaO ù lkHd ,.akfhka Wm; ,nd we;s nj fmkajhs' ^1906'09'17& fuys§ l=ïNh fukau lkHdj o wxl wg iuÛ fh§u ;=< úfYaIs; njla u;=lr§ fuu fofokdu fYa%IaG pß; njg m;alrjd we;af;ah' fuu fofokdu n,j;a wêIaGdkYS,S núka hq;=jQ iDcq taldêm;s iajNdjfhka pß; ,la‍IKhkaf.ka hqla; fkdief,k yd bÈßhgu hk .=Kfhka hqla;jQjka ùu fuys úfYaI ,la‍IKhla ùu o úfYaI;ajhls' mj;sk hq.h ;=<ska lemS fmfkk fjkialï we;sl< fuu fofokdu wxl wg i;= n,h fya;=ù we;s nj fmkajhs' jHdmdr f,dalfha uqÿka ysksfm;a;gu keÛqKq" wmuK m%udKhlf.a jD;a;Shuh ;;a;ajh ilia l< yd cd;Hka;r lS¾;su;a kduhla Wreuhg .;a;djQ Wmd,s úchj¾Ok uy;d o" wxl wg yd iïnkaOj ók ,.akfhka Wm; ,nd hq.mqreIhl= njg m;ajQfhah' ^1938'02'17&

fcHd;sIHh ms<sn| uyd m%ùK njla ,nd fcHd;sI .%ka: bÈßm;a lsÍu o" fndfyda fokl= iajlSh wkq.dñlhka njg m;afldg .;a yd fcHd;sIuh f,dalh ;=< nqoaêuh fmr<shla we;sl< uydpd¾h î' ù' rduka uy;d o ^bkaÈhdj& l=ïN

,.akh iuÛ wxl wg yd ne£ Wm; ,o nj i|yka fõ' ^1912'08'08& tfukau ,,s;a we;=,;auqo,s uy;d o ^1936'11'26& isxy ,.akh yd 8 wxlh o" mS' Ô' fmdkakïn,ï uy;d o wxl wg iïnkaO lglfhka ^1901'11'08& Wm; ,o nj fmkajhs' ví,sõ' úu,iqf¾kao% uy;d ;=,d ,.akfhka wxl wg yd iïnkaOù Wm; ,nd we;af;ls' ^1874'09'17& Ñ;%má f,dfõ kula Èkd.;a ghsgia f;dgj;a; uy;d o ^1927'04'17& w,s NQf;da uy;d o" oiafldka wêldrï uy;d o" wxl wg odhdo fldgf.k Wmka wh nj oelafõ'

lsishï wdldrhl ola‍I;djhka o" wjysr;djhkao iuÛ Wm; ,nk wxl wg ysñhka fldhs ;ekl§;a l=uk fyda jYfhka m%lg ùula o lsishï .egqïlÍ njla o Wreuhg f.k Wm; ,nkakka nj fmkajhs'

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